The Karun-3 dam

The Karun-3 dam, a hydro-electric dam on the Karun river in the province of Khuzestan province, Iran. It was built to meet the energy needs of Iran, as well as to flooding. The Karun has the highest discharge of the rivers Iran. The objectives of the construction of Karun Dam & III Hydro-electric Power Plant, the electrical supply and flooding. Karun III generators are connected to the national grid as the Power Peak Power generation. With this central servers, with the capacity of 2000 megawatts, and an average of 4137 GWh of electricity per year, a large proportion of the electric power shortage in the country will be fulfilled.

Description
The dam is a concrete double arch type, 205 metres high from the foundation and 185 meters high from the riverbed. The foundation width is 5 m.

The arch dam design is an ideal one for a dam built in a narrow, rocky gorge to keep water in a reservoir. The dam is curved. Because of the arc, operation of the backup water presses downward against the barrier and has the effect of the strengthening of the dam foundation.

Picture

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The Nurek (Norak) Dam

The Nurek (Norak) Dam (Tajik: Нерӯгоҳи обии Норак, Nerūgohi obii Norak, Tajikistan for Nurek Hydro-electric Station) is a large earth fill dam located at 38.3715 N, 69.3492 E on the Vakhsh River in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. At 300 metres (984 ft), it is the highest dam in the world of 2008. (The Rogun Dam, under construction along the Vakhsh also in Tajikistan, is expected to exceed the Nurek when completed, against a projected height of 335 m (1099 ft)). The construction of the dam began in 1961 and was completed in 1980, when Tajikistan was still a republic within the Soviet Union.

Construction
The Nurek Dam was built by the Soviet Union between the years 1961 and 1980. It is uniquely constructed, with a core of cement forms an impermeable barrier within a 300 m (980 ft)-high rock and earth fill construction. The volume of the hill is 54 million cubic metres. The hydro-electric dam comprises nine production units, the first contract in 1972 and the last in 1979.
The dam is located in a deep ravine along the Vakhsh River in western Tajikistan, about 75 km (47 miles) east of the nation's capital of Dushanbe. A city near the dam, also known as Nurek, houses engineers and other workers at the dam of the plant.

Electricity generation
There are a total of nine hydro-electric turbines are installed in the Nurek Dam. Originally with a production capacity of 300 megawatts each (2.7 GW total), they have since been redesigned and retrofitted so that they now combine the production of 3.0 GW. As of 1994, this constituted the largest part of the nation 4.0 GW hydro-electric capacity, which is sufficient to meet 98% of the nation is electricity needs.



Reservoir
The reservoir formed by the Nurek Dam, known simply as Nurek, is the largest reservoir in Tajikistan with a capacity of 10.5 km ³. The tank is more than 70 km (40 miles) in length and covers an area of 98 square kilometres (38 square miles). The tank fuels the moving within the hydroelectric dam, and the storage of water is also used for irrigation of local farmland. 14 kilometers of irrigation water is transported through the Dangara irrigation tunnel and is used to irrigate about 700 square kilometres (300 square miles) of farmland. It is suspected that the reservoir can be caused induced seismicity.
In February 2008, during the 2008 Central Asia-energy crisis, the reservoir has dropped to six meters, an alarmingly low level, according to the energy sector representatives.

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Katulampa Dam

The Katulampa dam was the building that was gotten in the Katulampa subdistrict, the Bogor regency, West Java.
This building in got up during 1911 with the aim as means of the land irrigation measuring 5.000 hectare that was met to the right and left side bendung.Saluran the irrigation from this dam had the maximum capacity around 6.000 litre perdetik.
The other function from the dam katulampa was as the early information system towards the Ciliwung danger of the River flood that will enter Jakarta.Data concerning the height of water in this Katulampa dam estimated that around 3 - 4 hours afterwards water will arrive in the Depok area.
Further in the Depok Dam the height of water was monitored and reported to Jakarta so as the community that lived in the region around the Ciliwung river current could have anticipated as early as possible the arrival of flood water that will pass their area.

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Three Gorges Dam

Three Gorges Dam (chin三峡大坝/三峡大坝, Sānxiá Dàbà) is the name for a 20 May 2006 brought into damming of the Yangtze in China. The Three Gorges dam is one of the largest reservoirs of the earth. The project is located in the Hubei province between the cities of Yichang and Chongqing. The dam is in the famous three gorges Qutang, Wuxia and Xiling. The project is supported by Chinese companies China Yangtze Power operated and administered.


Strictly speaking, it should be Three Gorges Dam hot as the Absperrbauwerk no dam, but a dam. The designation dam comes from the overly literal English translation of the "Three Gorges Dam", where "dam" but "barrier" and is not "dam".


No other major project in recent years have been so controversial as this barrier in the People's Republic of China. Proponents justify its need with the benefits in flood protection, energy production (hydroelectric power plant) and the improvement of shipping. Opponents fear disadvantages by the environmental impact of geological hazard potential and the socio-cultural consequences of the project.


The Yangtze is 6,380 km with the longest current China and the drittlängste the world. On his way he flows from the Tibetan highlands through the Red basin, then through the three gorges and finally to the level of Yichang, to end with Shanghai into ostchinesische Sea. Its catchment area is nearly two million square km and covers the habitat of one-third of the total Chinese population of 1.3 billion people and 25 percent of China's arable land. The average runoff volume of the Yangtze is 32,500 cubic metres / s (Rhein 2,330 cubic metres / s). He is also one of the key transport routes in China.


The idea of a dam was first 1919 by Sun Yat-sen said. In the 1980s, the project was due to the increasing energy shortages a key project in Deng Xiaopings reform and modernization policy.

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The Dam Only was a Month

The dam (tabat) in the Jambu Burung Village, Kecamatan Beruntung Baru, Kabupaten Banjar that just was finished was built late last December 2007, currently has collapsed.

In fact the local village had not been flood-stricken.

Currently, although still the rainy season, hundreds of paddy-fields have in four villages, Jambu Burung, Sakupang, Rumpiyang and the Babi Fishpond begun the drought.

On Monday (4/2), dozens of public figures were accompanied pembakal local complained about this problem to the office of DPRD Banjar.

They were met by Chairman Fraksi Bintang Reformasi Bangsa (FBRB), M. Fadli.

A public figure the Jambu Burung Kecamatan Beruntung Baru Village, H Irfan said, the resident did not want to know how many budgets that were needed to build tabat this.

It was clear, the resident want to so that tabat this immediately could be made function before the period planted next month.

If this was not filled, the worried resident will suffer the big loss because his crop failed.

"We asked the relevant contractor to be responsible for the collapse tabat that."

Tabat this didanai by money millions rupiah, but evidently his execution was very ugly.

The dam just so a month but has collapsed although being not attacked by the flood, said Irfan.

M. Fadli asked the Kimpraswil Service immediately to follow up the resident's complaint.

The related service must stress in giving sanctions on the relevant contractor, moreover at this time still in the period of the building guarantee.

Lapindo Dam Sodoharjo

The disposal of hot mud of PT Lapindo Brantas to the Porong River, Sidoarjo, got water supplies that were channeled from the Dam of Gerak Waru-Turi in the Kediri Regency, East Java.

The head of the Air Division and Air resources (the HOPE) III Perum Jasa Tirta Kusmartini in Kediri, on Monday, mentioned since the last ten day his side as the person responsible for the Dam of Gerak Waru-Turi channeled water totalling 54 cubic metre per the second.

"This in accordance with the request of Timnas Penanggulangan" of "Lapindo Mud to help the disposal" of "hot mud in order to the excessive sedimentation in the Porong River," he said "not happen".

After passing the Dam of Gerak Waru-Turi, the Brantas River flow was solved to two currents, that is for the agricultural irrigation in the Nganjuk region and the river current that headed to Kertosono, Jombang, Mojokerto, and Sidoarjo.

"To help the handling" of "this Lapindo mud to be used by us the second channel that headed Sidoarjo," said Kusmartini explained.

Tiu NIsung Dam

The community's wish Seteluk built the Tiu Nisung dam was kept being waiting for time.

Because this wish will begin to be realised this coming 2008 to build the dam by the fund from the Budget of the Income of the Negara Expenses (APBN).

Was like this was sent by the Division Head public relations, Protokol and the Resin of Setda Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat (KSB), Drs. Amiruddin, DH to Sumbawa Barat Post.

The "community's wish Seteluk related the Tiu Nisung dam has for a long time been striven for by the KSB government, because for the requirement" for the "quite wide agricultural land that until now often happened the lack" of "water if the dry season."

The government knew, the condition for the farmer only could plant very much in a year, so as to have been striven for to immediately build the Tiu Nisung dam, obviously Amiruddin.

With the construction of this Tiu Nisung dam, said Amiruddin, it is certain that will open hope of the available especially farmer in the Se- Teluk Subdistrict territory to be able to work the soil no longer depended the season.

"If the reservoir woke up, it was confirmed the farmer could plant through to 3 times in a year," he revealed.

The head of the Irrigation Field, Dinas Pekerjaan Umum and Pertanaman KSB, Ir. Djoko Agus Triono, confirmed if the development of the dam (embung) Tiu Nisung will in the Se- Teluk Subdistrict be realised the Anggaran Year 2008.

This Embung realisation on the Regional Government's KSB efforts went through the Hall Nusa Tenggara I.

Djoko explained, Balai Nusa Tenggara I carried out details of the design since several years set and that will do embung this at a cost of around Rp7 billion.

"Dam Tiu Nisung could it was confirmed irrigate the paddy-field land measuring 750 hectare," explained Djoko.

Apart from being built the big dam, continued Djoko, also will be built the irrigation channel.

"Further during 2009 will be built also Samarekat dam that his place in Ai Tabaka, in the Kokar Lian Village, Desa Poto Tano, Kecamatan Se- Teluk that could irrigate the paddy-field land measuring 500 hectare," explained Djoko.