The Karun-3 dam

The Karun-3 dam, a hydro-electric dam on the Karun river in the province of Khuzestan province, Iran. It was built to meet the energy needs of Iran, as well as to flooding. The Karun has the highest discharge of the rivers Iran. The objectives of the construction of Karun Dam & III Hydro-electric Power Plant, the electrical supply and flooding. Karun III generators are connected to the national grid as the Power Peak Power generation. With this central servers, with the capacity of 2000 megawatts, and an average of 4137 GWh of electricity per year, a large proportion of the electric power shortage in the country will be fulfilled.

Description
The dam is a concrete double arch type, 205 metres high from the foundation and 185 meters high from the riverbed. The foundation width is 5 m.

The arch dam design is an ideal one for a dam built in a narrow, rocky gorge to keep water in a reservoir. The dam is curved. Because of the arc, operation of the backup water presses downward against the barrier and has the effect of the strengthening of the dam foundation.

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The Nurek (Norak) Dam

The Nurek (Norak) Dam (Tajik: Нерӯгоҳи обии Норак, Nerūgohi obii Norak, Tajikistan for Nurek Hydro-electric Station) is a large earth fill dam located at 38.3715 N, 69.3492 E on the Vakhsh River in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. At 300 metres (984 ft), it is the highest dam in the world of 2008. (The Rogun Dam, under construction along the Vakhsh also in Tajikistan, is expected to exceed the Nurek when completed, against a projected height of 335 m (1099 ft)). The construction of the dam began in 1961 and was completed in 1980, when Tajikistan was still a republic within the Soviet Union.

Construction
The Nurek Dam was built by the Soviet Union between the years 1961 and 1980. It is uniquely constructed, with a core of cement forms an impermeable barrier within a 300 m (980 ft)-high rock and earth fill construction. The volume of the hill is 54 million cubic metres. The hydro-electric dam comprises nine production units, the first contract in 1972 and the last in 1979.
The dam is located in a deep ravine along the Vakhsh River in western Tajikistan, about 75 km (47 miles) east of the nation's capital of Dushanbe. A city near the dam, also known as Nurek, houses engineers and other workers at the dam of the plant.

Electricity generation
There are a total of nine hydro-electric turbines are installed in the Nurek Dam. Originally with a production capacity of 300 megawatts each (2.7 GW total), they have since been redesigned and retrofitted so that they now combine the production of 3.0 GW. As of 1994, this constituted the largest part of the nation 4.0 GW hydro-electric capacity, which is sufficient to meet 98% of the nation is electricity needs.



Reservoir
The reservoir formed by the Nurek Dam, known simply as Nurek, is the largest reservoir in Tajikistan with a capacity of 10.5 km ³. The tank is more than 70 km (40 miles) in length and covers an area of 98 square kilometres (38 square miles). The tank fuels the moving within the hydroelectric dam, and the storage of water is also used for irrigation of local farmland. 14 kilometers of irrigation water is transported through the Dangara irrigation tunnel and is used to irrigate about 700 square kilometres (300 square miles) of farmland. It is suspected that the reservoir can be caused induced seismicity.
In February 2008, during the 2008 Central Asia-energy crisis, the reservoir has dropped to six meters, an alarmingly low level, according to the energy sector representatives.

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Katulampa Dam

The Katulampa dam was the building that was gotten in the Katulampa subdistrict, the Bogor regency, West Java.
This building in got up during 1911 with the aim as means of the land irrigation measuring 5.000 hectare that was met to the right and left side bendung.Saluran the irrigation from this dam had the maximum capacity around 6.000 litre perdetik.
The other function from the dam katulampa was as the early information system towards the Ciliwung danger of the River flood that will enter Jakarta.Data concerning the height of water in this Katulampa dam estimated that around 3 - 4 hours afterwards water will arrive in the Depok area.
Further in the Depok Dam the height of water was monitored and reported to Jakarta so as the community that lived in the region around the Ciliwung river current could have anticipated as early as possible the arrival of flood water that will pass their area.

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Three Gorges Dam

Three Gorges Dam (chin三峡大坝/三峡大坝, Sānxiá Dàbà) is the name for a 20 May 2006 brought into damming of the Yangtze in China. The Three Gorges dam is one of the largest reservoirs of the earth. The project is located in the Hubei province between the cities of Yichang and Chongqing. The dam is in the famous three gorges Qutang, Wuxia and Xiling. The project is supported by Chinese companies China Yangtze Power operated and administered.


Strictly speaking, it should be Three Gorges Dam hot as the Absperrbauwerk no dam, but a dam. The designation dam comes from the overly literal English translation of the "Three Gorges Dam", where "dam" but "barrier" and is not "dam".


No other major project in recent years have been so controversial as this barrier in the People's Republic of China. Proponents justify its need with the benefits in flood protection, energy production (hydroelectric power plant) and the improvement of shipping. Opponents fear disadvantages by the environmental impact of geological hazard potential and the socio-cultural consequences of the project.


The Yangtze is 6,380 km with the longest current China and the drittlängste the world. On his way he flows from the Tibetan highlands through the Red basin, then through the three gorges and finally to the level of Yichang, to end with Shanghai into ostchinesische Sea. Its catchment area is nearly two million square km and covers the habitat of one-third of the total Chinese population of 1.3 billion people and 25 percent of China's arable land. The average runoff volume of the Yangtze is 32,500 cubic metres / s (Rhein 2,330 cubic metres / s). He is also one of the key transport routes in China.


The idea of a dam was first 1919 by Sun Yat-sen said. In the 1980s, the project was due to the increasing energy shortages a key project in Deng Xiaopings reform and modernization policy.

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